A machine generated summary based on the work of Arca, Karissa N.; Halker Singh, Rashmi B. 2019 in Current Pain and Headache Reports.

Sleep disorder-related headaches

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072- 019- 03837- z

Abstract-Summary Migraine with and without aura, cluster headache, hypnic headache, and paroxys- mal hemicranias are each reported as intrinsically related to sleep.

Chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, and medication overuse head-

ache may cause sleep disturbance.

The poor quality or poor duration of sleep could be a trigger of migraine attack

and migraineurs with poor sleep reported a higher headache frequency.

During cluster headache, patients report a poor quality of sleep correlated with

the amount of daylight.

Concerning the pathophysiology of hypnic headache, it has been hypothesized a possible role of obstructive sleep apnea in triggering nocturnal attacks: an increased number of apnea episodes has been reported in hypnic headache patients, but a lack of a temporal correlation of headache attacks with the drop of oxygen saturation has been observed.

Tension-type headache is the most common headache with sleep dysregula- tion (lack of sleep or oversleeping) frequently reported as a triggering factor for acute attacks: management of sleep disturbances seems crucial in this form of headache.

Introduction A Korean study demonstrated the absence of significant differences concerning the sleep duration among migraine, non-migraine headache, and non-headache groups, while demonstrating an association between short-sleep duration and poor sleep quality with an increase in headache frequency among migraineurs [257].

A positive bi-directional association is reported frequently among migraine and

another common sleep disorder, as RLS.

520

3 Diagnosis

Suzuki and colleagues reported a significantly increased frequency in migraine patients of a dream-enacting behavior (DEB), a disorder classified as REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).

The authors observed that migraine patients with DEB had severer headache- related disability and insomnia, and they pointed out to a possible association of this sleep disorder with negative emotions experienced during sleep or wakefulness, suggesting that this may reflect increased brain excitability in migraine patients due to brainstem involvement [258].

Conclusions Headache disorders can affect sleep.

The evaluation of sleep in headache patients in large samples and by means of objective measurements (PSG or actigraphy) could better clarify some pathophysi- ological aspects.

Other recent papers [259, 260] indicated that an important aspect that should be more extensively explored is the efficacy of treatments for sleep that may have posi- tive effects on headaches.

Acknowledgement A machine generated summary based on the work of Ferini-Strambi, Luigi; Galbiati, Andrea; Combi, Romina. 2019 in Neurological Sciences

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